Wood-turning machine.



G. A. ENSIGN 6; H. D. TRAUB.

& A u r m. m; I .F.

v. FM E E7 Wm i h H {WEB G. A. ENSIGN & H, D. TRAUB.

WOOD xunmrm MACHINE.

T$HEEIS---SHEU 2.

AT/URNEVS G. A. ENSIGN 6: H. D. TRAUBJ WOOD YURNING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT.25. 19H. 1,281,771 Patented Oct. 15, 1918..

TSHEUS-SHEU 4.

WITNESSES IZ WWI/r05;

vi -E1151:

ATTORNEYS G. A. ENSIGN & H. D. TRAUB.

WOOD IUHNING MACHINE.

APVLILAHUN mu) SUI/13. 19!].

G. A. ENSIGN & H. D. TRAUB.

WOOD TURNING MACHINE.

APPLICATION nun SEPT.25.19|I.

om h x 9 M W \N\ QMQ Q\ \N\ )1 1 53 K \x 0 U ll 4, I M IAWIHHM x k ,0 1 HHMMW H I I m v up wk QN Ill! W$ INVE NTOQS .d, 71516 ll Ive/27.17 a6 %4440 g ATTORNEY x35 w? J 3% WITNESSES. 2640+? W000 IURNING MACHINE.

Armcmon HtED v1.25. m1.

Patented 0013.15, 1918.

ISHEETS-SHEEI 1 u: non-l mun a. mun-A. vnuunnou. l a.

i OFFICE.

OF DEIIANGE, OHIO, assmnons To 01:10, A oonronatrr'on or o no.

" ween-rename momma To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, Gnome A, Ensign and HERBERT D. TRAUB, both citizens of the have invented a new and lmprovedwood Turning Machine, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

v The invention relates ,to wood turning mawherein a rotatin I .fixed bearings an the rotating stick fis caused to approach or recede from the cutter head bymeans of pattern guides. f

The object of the invention is to provide of the type mentioned and more especiallv designed for turning a portion of astick to form a shank of oval cross section to form a head at one end of. the stick and to provide a throat between the head and the shank thus producing such articlesias spokes for use on wheels for automobiles and other vehicles. Another object of the invention is to render a wood turning machine which.

after the material is moved into centering position is completely automatic in its actions and to insure the production of a lar e amount of turned articles in a comparative y short time and without requiring skilled labor. I

In order to accomplish the desired result use is made of revoluble cuttingmeans and an intermittently rotating work holder provided with revoluble stick holding meansengaging the ends of a stick while the latter is at rest, carrying the. stick bodily into engagement with the said cutting means for the latter to reduce the stickwhilethe said work holder is at rest and the stick is retated bythe said-revoluble stick holding means, and finally carrying the reduced stick from the said cutting means'to adischarge f position and releasing it to allow ,the reduced stick to drop.

A practical embodiment of the inventionis represented in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification in which similar characters of reference indie, ase reirsmenia the collection 01. Letters Patent.

' section (see Fig. turning machine For forming the shank 11 an Patented Oct. 1d, 1918.

, Application and s 'tniberg t, i917. I s ial 110 198113. I

" Figure 1 is a planj viewofthe wood turnmach n k 1g. 215a front elevation of the same United States, and residents of Defiance,' 1n

the county of Defiance and State of {01110. r

with parts; shown in section;

F g. .3 is an enlarged elevation of the left en out; Fig. {is a similar view of the right hand ,end of the same. chines designed for reducing arotatingfstick f Y i to other than a circular crosssejctiomand f cutter head" rotates in TF1; k 4 p ig. 6 isia'n enlarged sectional plan view fgqfth same on the line -16 of Fig.

5, s an enlarged'cross section of the wood e se'ggme hm fil 3577 of 'Fig. 7 is tin-enlarged cross section of the -d .ea 'ying the centers, the Section being 7 a new and improved wood turn ng machine loathe i e T E- f F g.1;

an'inner face View of one of the heads of one, of the drums.

k 9 andlO are plan views of the lever hearings in'which the spindles and centers .are journaled;,

F g. 11 is a plan view of the spokepro- 'duced by the wood turningmachine; and

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of thesame. I' he stick 10 of approximately square cross 5) is reduced byt'he wood to fo'rm a shank;11 0f oval cross section, a throat 12 and a head .13 of re tangular erossseetion (see Fi s. 11 and 12). the throat 12 use is made of a revoluble cutter head 14 and 17 of the cutter heads 14 and are parallel and 'a e-journaled in suitable bearangs' 18 and 19 mounted on the frame 20 of the wood turning machine. On the shafts 16 and 17 are securedpulleys 21 and 22 connected by belts with other machinery for continually rotating the said shafts 16 and 17 and their cutter heads 14 and 15. By reference Lo. Fi s, 1 and 6 it will be noticed thatthe cutter cad 14 is provided with the usual knives 23'l1aving straight utting edges for forming the shank 11, and a set of knives 24' with rounded,'ends for forming the throat- 12, and this set of knives is arranged in overlappin 'relationto a set of knives 25 of the cutter cad 15 used 'forforming the head 13.

"The stieks'lo are held in frontof the Fla fastened to the main frame 20 while the bearing 97 is longitudinally adjustable on guideways 98 attached or formed on the main frame 20 (see Figs. 2 and 4).

The centers 81 are journaled in bearings 100 formed on levers 101 fulcrumed loosely on shafts 102 journaled in-the heads 54, 55 of the drum 51. The levers 101 are pressed on by springs 103 attached to the inner surface of the heads of the drum 51. On the centers 81 are secured pinions 104 in mesh with intermediate pinions 105 held on the shafts 102'and in mesh with pinions 106 secured on shafts 107 journaled in the heads of the drum 51. The pinions 106 are in mesh with a gear wheel 108 secured on the shaft 91 previously mentioned. From the foregoing it will be seen that when the shaft 91 1s rotated the two sets of gearings described rotate the spindles 80 and the centers 81;

continuall The spindles 80 ass through slots 110 formed in the inner iiead 52 of the drum 50, and the spindles 81 extend through slots 111 and 112 formed in the heads 53, 54 of the drum 51, the slots 112 having narrow extensions 113 for guiding purposes, as hereinafter more full explained.

On the spindles 80 and the centers 81 are secured patterns and 121 of oval shape and adapted to engage guides 122 and 123 attached to transverse arms 124 and 125 held longitudinally adjustable on pins 126, 127, 128 and 129 mounted on the mainframe 20. The arms 124 and 125 are fastened in place after the desired adjustment is made by the use of set screws 130 and 131 screwing on the arms against the pins 126 and 128, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 6. By the arrangement described the patterns 120 and 121 move accurately in engagement with the pattern guides 122, 123. The pattern guides 122 and 123 are disposed on opposite sides of the cutter head 14 and are arranged in such relation thereto (see Fig. 5) that the knives 23 and 24 of the cutter head 14 reduce a portion of the stick 10 to form a shank 11 of oval cross section corres onding to the shape of the patterns 120v an 121. On the spindles 80 and' the centers 81 are (see Fig. 2) each adjustably mounted on pins 146 and 147 attached to the main frame 20. As this arrangement is the same as above described in relation to the guides 122 and 123 and their arms 124 and 125 further description of the pattern guides 142 and 143 is not deemed necessary, it being, however, understood that the pattern guides 142 and 143 are arranged on opposite sides of the cutter head 15 to cause the knives 25 of this cutter head'to reduce the secured adjacent the oval pat-.

end of the stick-with a view to form the said end into a head 13 rectangular in cross section, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. 5. As illustrated in the drawings, four sets of spindles 80 and centers 81 are used and the drums 50 and 51 are stepped forward intermittently four times during each revolution, the star wheel 60 being shaped correspondingly (see Fig. 3) and the arm 62 being corres ondingly rotated from the main driving s aft 69 by a properly proportioned gearing connecting the shaft 69 with the shaft 63. The cutter heads 14 and 15 and the pattern guides 122, 123 and 142,143 are positioned in such a manner that when one stick is reduced by the cutter head 14 another stick is reduced by the cutter headl5. I

By mounting the spindles 80 and the con-- ters 81 in the bearings 82 and 100 of the I rocking levers 83 and 101 the stick is allowed to readily advance and recederela-tive to the cutter heads for the latter to reduce the stick in the manner described and without stopping the rotation of the said spindles 80 and centers 81 and while the drums 50 and 51 are at rest. It is further understood that the spindles 80 and the centers 81: are carried bodily around with the drums 50 and 51 owing to the leaves 83 and 101 being fulcruined in the drums 50 and 51.

The spindles 80 have no moven'ient in the direction of the length of their axes but the centers 81 are periodically moved in the direction of the axes to engage one end of a stick While the latter is at rest on the sup-- porting plates 30, and to release the-reduced stick during the time the latter travels from the cutter head 15 toward the front. In order to impart this periodical sliding movement to the spindle 81 the following arrange ment is made: The spindles 81 are mounted to slide in the bearings 100 of the levers 101 and are provided with keys 150 engaging keyways in the pinions 104 held against movement in the direction of their axes by being held between the double'bearings 100 (see Fig. 6).- Each center 81 is provided outside of the drum 51 with two collars 154.

(see Fig. 6), of which the collar 154 en gages an arm 156 mounted on the corresponding center 81 and provided with a frictlon roller 157 adapted to engage acam 158 (see Fig. 4) adjustably secured by bolts 159 to abracket 160 attached to the bearing 97. The bolts 159 extend through slots 161 formed on the cam 158 to permit accurate adjustment of the cam. The cam 158 is provided at its lower end with an incline 102 to cause the friction roller 157 travel up said incline with a view to exert an outward pressure on the collar 154 to move the corresponding center 81 in an outward direction for disengaging the center from the corresponding end? of the reduced stick to gradually at the time the latter moves from the cutter 15 toward the front. The upper end of the cam 158 is abrupt to allow the friction roller 157 to suddenly drop off the cam with a view to engage the corresponding center 81 centrallywith the end of the stick 10 in innermost position at the time on the supporting plates 30.

In order to impart a quick and forceful inward sliding movement to a. center 51 at. the time the friction roller 157 drops oil" the upper end of the cam 158, use is made of powerful springs 170 attached to the outer head 55 of the drum 51 and connected with a crosshead 171 bearing against the collar 155 of the corresponding center 81. It is understood that while the drums 50 and 51 a re rotating the corresponding centers 81 tll'e. released by the friction roller 157 dropping off the upper end of the cam 158 and the center 81 is forced inward by the action of the springs 170 and the crosshead 171 to engage the center with the corresponding end of the stick 10 in innermost position at the supporting plates 30, thus forcing the other end of the stick in engagement with the spindle 80. Thus the stick is engaged by the corresponding pair of spindles and centers 81 lifted off the supporting plates 30 and carried upward and rearward during this turning period of the drums-5O and 51. The arms 156 are held against turning by pins 175 projecting into the elongated portions 113 of the slots 112 through which extend the centers 81, as previously explained. The hub of each cam arm 156 is preferably rigidly connected by a sleeve 176 with the corresponding crosshead 171 (see Fig. 6) and between the said hub of the cam arm 156 and the collar 154 is arranged a washer 177 of leather or other similar material, and a similar washer 178 is interposed between the collar 155 and the crosshead 171. (hi the inner face of the hub of the cam arm 156 is arranged a washer 179 of leather or similar material adapted to abut against the outer face of the outer head 55 of the drum 51, as plainly shown in the upper portion of F ig. 6. It will be noticed that by the arrangement described the sliding movement of the centers 81 from the right to the left is limited by the washers 17 9 abutting against the head 55 after the friction rollers 157 ha re left the upper end of the cam 158.

When the raiuced stick is dropped by the corresponding center 81 moving from the left to the rightthen such reduced stick drops down onto the upper run of an cndless conveyer belt 190 passing around pulleys 191 and 192 having their shafts 193 and 191 journaled in suitable bearings arranged on the main frame 20, as 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The shaft 193 is provided with a bevel gear wheel 195 in mesh with a bevel gear wheel 196 secured on the lower plainly shown in Figs.

end of a vertically disposed shaft 197 journaled in suitable bearings arranged on the main frame 20. The upper end of the shaft 197 is provided with a bevelgear wheel 198 in mesh with a bevel gear wheel 199 secured on the drum shaft 91 to rotate with the same. Thus when the machine is running and the shaft 91 is rotated as previously described then a traveling motion is given to the convcycr belt 190 to carry the dropped reduced stick to one side of the machine.

In order to prevent the stick from being accidentally displaced on the upper run of the conveyer belt 190 use is made of side guides 200 and 201 attached to the main frame 20 and extending upwardly on opposite Sides of the upper run of the conveyer belt. 190. The guide 201 is provided with an upwardly and rearwardly extending member 202 intermediate the drums 50 and 51 to a guide a dropped stick to the upper run of the convcyer belt 190, as will be readily understood by reference to Fig. In order to adapt the machine for reducing longer or shorter sticks 10, it is neces sary to-corespondingly. move the drums 50 and 51 farther apart or nearer to each other and for this purpose the drum 51 is moved bodily from or toward the other drum 50 after the set screw 59 is loosened. For the J purpose mentioned the outer cud of the hub of the head (see Fig. 6) is provided with an annular groove 210 engaged by a lug 311 of a plate 212 secured to the top of the bearing 97 so that the drum 51 moves with the bearing 97 when the latter is adjusted in a longitudinal direction. The. bearing 97 is provided with a nut 213 (see Fig. :2) in which screws a screw rod 214 mounted to turn in a bearing 215 secured to or forming part of the main frame 20. The screw rod 214 is held against movement in the direction of its length by two collars 216 securei'l on the screw rod and abutting against opposite sides of the bearing 215. The outer end of the screw rod 214 is provided with a hand wheel 217 to permit of conveniently turning the screw rod 214 with a view to move the bearing 97 to the right or to the left with a view to move the drum 51 away from or toward the other drum 50 according t9 the length of the stick to he reduced at the time. The bearing 97 is fastened in place on the main frame 20 after the desired adjllslllllfilll) is made by the use of a screw 220 sciewing in the main frame 20 and extending through a. longitudinal slot .291 formed in the bearing 97. The set screw is also tightened up after the desired adjustment is made.

The operation is as follows:

When the machine is running the cutter heads 14 and 15 are continually rotated in the direction of the arrows indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, the drums 50 and 51 are intermittently rotated in the direction of the arrows indicated in Figs. 3 and 5, and a continuous traveling motion is given to the endless convcyer belt 190. The drums 50 and 51 are at rest when in the position shown in Fig. 5 and the cutter head 14 now reduces one stick to form the shank 11 and the throat l2, and the cutter head 15 reduces one end of another stick to form the head 13 adjacent the throat 12. A stick 10 is held on a pair of spindles 80 and centers 81 above the supporting plates 30, and a reduced stick is in the act of dropping from a corresponding pair of spindles and centers 80 and 81, the dropped stick eventually falling onto the belt 190 to be carried to one side of the machine. During the next quarter revolution of the drums 50 and 51, the partly reduced stick at the cutter head 14 is moved in position relative to the cutter head 15 and the last reduced stick is carried forward and dropped to fall onto the conveyer belt 190, and the stick 10 carried by the uppermost pair of spindles and centers 80 and 81 is carried into active position at the cutter head 14 to be reduced by the latt-er as previously explained. During this quarter revolution of the drums 50 and 51 the lower front center is moved outward to the right to release the reduced stick and the center is held in this position until the corresponding friction roller 157 drops oif the end of the cam 158 so that the springs 170 impart a sudden and forceful movement to the center from the right to the left to engage the point of the center 81 with the middle of the corresponding end of the stick 10 in innermost position at the time on the supporting plates 30. By this movement of the center 81 from the right to the left the other end of the stick is forced into engagement with the toothed end'of the corresponding spindle 80 and as the stick is now held by this pair of spindles and centers 80 and 81 it is evident that it is carried along by the same, and when next come to the drums 50 and 51 a stop the picked up stick is held in upper front position, as indicated in Fig. 5. The operator in charge of the machine pushes against the outermost stick 10 to move the innermost stick into final innermost position against the flanges 32 of the supporting plates 30. From theforegoing it will be seen that by the arrangement described the cutter heads 14 and 15 reduce two sticks while the drums 50 and 51 are at rest and a reduced stick is dropped during the revolving of the said drums, and the innermost stick on the supporting plates 30 is picked up by the corresponding pair of spindles and centers during the revolving movement of the drums.

When adjusting the drum 51 nearer to or farther from the drum 50 as above described for turning larger or smaller sticks, 11 corresponding adjustment of the standards 39 on the guideway 40 is made, and when reducing sticks of different sizes in cross section the supporting plates 30 are transversely adjusted on the flanges 35 and the arms 36 are raised or lowered to hold the innermost stick in proper position for central engagement at the ends by the corresponding set of centers 81 and spindles 80 at the time the corresponding friction roller 157 drops oii' the abrupt upper end of the cam 158 as above explained. v

It will be noticed that by the arrangement described no attention whatever is required on the part of the attendant in charge of the machine, and unskilled, cheap labor can be employed for placing the sticks successively in position on the supporting plates 30 and pushing the same rearwardly to be successively picked up on successive rotation of the drums 50 and 51.

It is expressly understood that the wood turning machine is entirely automatic in operation except as hereinbefore stated, turns out a large amount of work in a com paratively short time, and can be readily ad- Justed for turning sticks of diflerent lengths and different sizes in cross section.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A wood turning machine, comprising revoluble cutter heads having their axes parallel. one of the cutter heads being adapted to reduce a portion of a stick to form a shank oval in cross section and to form a throat at one end of the shank, the other cut ter head being adapted to reduce the portion of thc stick adjacent the throat to form a head rectangular in cross section. an intermittently rotating work holder having two drums. onc drum having one head slotted and the other both heads slotted. a series of spindles mounted to turn in one drum and passing through the slots thereof. a series of centers mounted to turn and to slide in the other drum and passing through the slots of the drum. corresponding spindles and centers being axially alincd and adapted to engage the ends of a stick while the latter is at rest, to rotate such stick and to carry it successively to the said cutter heads for the latter to reduce the stick while the work holder is at rest, means for gradually sliding the centers in one direction and rapidly and forcibly sliding them in the other direction, pattern guides on the said spindles and centers, and abutments at the said cutter heads and adapted to be engaged by the said pattern guides.

2. A wood turning machine. comprising a revoluble cutter head. a fixed sup ort for the work to rest on, a work holder aving two spaced connected drums between which cxtend the said cutter head and the said support, means intermittently rotating the said drums, a continuously driven shaft extending centrally through the said drums, sets of spindles and centers adapted to engage the ends ofthe work while the latter is at rest on the said support and to carry the work to the said cutter head. spring pressed bearings for the said spindles ant centers toturn in, the said centers being also monnted to slide in the said bearings andthe latter being mounted to swing in the said drums, gearings connecting the said shaft with the said spindles and centers: to rotate the same, springs pressing the said centers in the direction of-their axes, cam arms -for sliding the said centers, stationary cams engaged by the said'cam arms, and guide pins on the snidcani arms" and engaging onset the said drums to guide the said cam arms. a

3. A wood turning machinecompris a revoluble cutter head, a fixed supportfor the work to rest on, a work holderihaving two spaced connected drums-between which extend the saidcutter head and the sand support, one of the drums having one head slotted and the other both heads, the slots of one head-having. reduced portions, means intermittent-1y rotating the said drums, a continuously driven shaft extending centrally through the said drums, sets of spindles and centers adapted to engage the ends of the workwhile the latter is at rest on the said support and to carry the work to the said cutter head, said spindlesv and centers projecting through the slots of the heads of the drums, spring pressed bearings for the said spindles and centers to turn in, the said ccntersbeing also mounted to slide in the said bearings and thelatter being mounted to swing in the said drums, gearings connecting the said shaft with the .said spindles and centers to rotate the same, arms connected with the centers, stationary cams engaged by the said arms and pins on the said arms and engaging the reduced portions of the said slots.

4. A wood turning machine, comprisi a revolublecutter head, spaced connectlid drums, driving means intermittently rotating the said drums, a continuously rotating shaft extending centrally through the said drums, sets of spindles and sets of centers adapted to engage the ends of the work and carry-the latter to the said cutter head, the said spindles being journal-led in one of' the said drums, spring-pressed levers fulcrumed in the other drum and provided with hearings in which the said centers arev mounted to turn and to slide in the direction of their axes.- the said centers extending through slots inithe heads of the said drum to limit theswinging motion or the. said levers. gcar-ings connecting the said. shaft with the said spindles and centers, collars on each of thcisaid centers, a cam ar niheld. loosely on each spindle and abutting against one of the collars, aistetionary cam adapted to beengaged by theisaid cami arm,,and a spring-pressed crosshead engaging the other collar to hold the cam arm in engagement with the cam.

5. A wood turning; machine coinprisin I a revoluble cutter head, spaced connect drumsdriving means intermittently rotating the said, drums, a continuously rotating shaft extending. centrally-through the said drum, sets of.spindles and centers adapted to engage theiends. ofthe work andcarrythe .latter to the said cutter head, the said spindles being. journaled. within-one of the said drums, springqpressed levers fulcrumed in the other drnmiandprovided with bearings in which thesaid centers-are mounted ,to turn. andto-slide in the-direction of their axes, the said centers extending through slots in the heads of the said drumsto limit the swim ging motion of the said levers, gearingsconnecting, the said shaft with the said, spindles and centers, springs pressing the centers indirectiomofi their axes,;a cam arm for: inos'ingeachcenter. against the ac tion of its spring, astationary-cam adapted to be engaged by the saidcani arm to o eratethe same,.patterns secured. on, th.e fl-ld spindles, and stutiormry guides adjacent the outterheadand adapted-to beengaged by the said patterns. v

6. In .a wood turningmaehin an intermittently rotating drum having slotted heads. a slotted centering is indle mounted in the drum and projecting-.t ough the slots of thctheads, spaced collars on one projectingendof the center, ancamarm on the said projecting end of the-spindle, a. stationary cam adapted toengagm the cam arm, and a spring pressed crosshead engaging the other collar of'the spindle.

7. In a wood turning machine, an intermittrntly rotating drum, provided with radial slots havingione end reduced, acoin tering spindle mounted in thedrum to turn and slide. spaced collars-on. the spindle. a cam varm ,looseon thespindle and having a pm adapted to projectintothe reduced; ortions .of a slot of the drum, snidiarmm utting one of the collarsofnthe spindle, a stationary engaging; snid -cam arm, and i a springgpressed cross head engaging the other collar of the spindle. I

8. .In a woodturning-machine, a radially slotted drum a driven shaft extending through the drum, leverspivoted within the drum intermediate of their ends, a spindle monnted-inioneiend of each lever and extendiin .througha-slot ofthe drum. a. spring secure to the other end :of each. lever, andto theidrum, and gearing between the said shaft and each spindle.

9. In awood turning machine, a. radially elotted drum, a driven shaft extending through the (ll'lllll and provided with a gear wheel within the lrum,le\'ers pivoted Within the (ll'lllll intermediate of their ends, a spindle mounted in one end of each lever and extending through a slot of the drum, :1 spring secured to the other end of the lever and to the drum, a pinion on the spindle, a pinion on the pivot of each lever and meshing and :1 piuou in the drum and meshing with the pinion on the pivot, of the lever and the gear wheel of the driven shaft.

GEORGE A. EN SIGN. HER-BERT D. TRAUB.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each. by addressing the "Commissioner of Patentl, Washington, D. 0.

with the pinion of the spindle, 10 

